裝載機的柴油機在有負荷工作時，排氣冒淡灰色，柴油機在超載、突然加速、爬坡或大負荷工作時，排氣冒黑煙是正常的。但是在空負荷或小負荷狀態(tài)下冒黑煙或大負荷時冒黑煙過重，則屬不正常現(xiàn)象，出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象時

應該怎么辦呢？
1、柴油質量差，引起霧化不良，以致不能完全燃燒，應清洗油箱，更換柴油。
Poor quality diesel fuel, causing poor atomization, that it can not complete combustion, the fuel tank should be cleaned, replace diesel.
2、噴油器霧化不良或有滴油現(xiàn)象，應檢修效驗噴油器，必要時更換噴油頭;
Bad injector atomization or drip phenomenon should overhaul efficacy injector, the injector head replacement when necessary;
3、增壓器有故障，引起供氣壓力不足，使柴油機燃燒不完全，應檢修增壓器;
Turbocharger failure, caused by lack of air pressure, so that incomplete combustion engine should overhaul turbocharger;
4、排氣管冒黑煙，同時機器振動嚴重，為個別氣缸供油太多，可用“斷缸法”予以檢查排除;
Exhaust black smoke, while severe vibration machine for the individual cylinder fuel too, can be "broken cylinder Law" be examined to exclude;
5、排氣管冒黑煙，同時氣缸內(nèi)伴有清脆的敲擊聲，工作粗暴。出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象一般是供油時間過早引起的。供油時間過早，通常還會引起起動困難；排氣管冒黑煙，同時消聲器內(nèi)有火焰，聲音沉悶。出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象則為供油時

間過晚所致。供油時間過晚，常引起柴油機過熱，排溫升高，甚至可能燒壞機件。
Exhaust black smoke, accompanied by crisp percussion in the cylinder, work rude. This phenomenon is generally caused by the oil too early. Oil too early, usually also cause starting difficulties;

exhaust black smoke, flames while the muffler, sounds boring. This phenomenon was caused by the oil too late. Oil too late, often caused by overheating engine, exhaust temperature rise, and may

even burn parts.
6、空氣濾清器堵塞，引起氣缸充氣不足，應清理或更換空氣濾清器濾芯;
Air filter clogged, causing the cylinder underinflated, you should clean or replace the air filter.